Gateway 2 Unit 10: International Organisations

This is a summary of the most essential points of Gateway 2 Unit 10: International Organisations. It contains Vocabulary, Functions, Grammar, and writing.

Vocabulary 

According to Wikipedia:

An international organization is an organization with an international membership, scope, or presence. There are two main types: governmental and non-governmental organizations. These pages provide facts sheets about some of these organizations.

1- Acronyms (abbreviations) of Famous International Organizations

UNESCO: United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation
ICESCO: Islamic World Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
UNICEF: United Nations Children‘s Emergency Funds
UNHCR: United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
WHO: World Health Organisation
FAO: Food and Agriculture Organisation
ICRC: International Committee of the Red Crescent / Cross
TI: Transparency International
AI: Amnesty International
BIS: Bank for International Settlements
ILO: International Labour Organization
ITU: International Telecommunication Union

2– Some Collocations Related to International Organisations

NB: Credits for these collocations go to Mr. Bouhout Hamid

• hold a summit
• Maintain peace
• settle a dispute
• restore order
• recruit volunteers
• run a campaign
• veto a decision
• humanitarian aid
• fund-raising campaign
• emergency relief
• farewell speech
• cease fire
• financial assistance
• bilateral relations
• peace treaty

3- Other Vocabulary Related to International Organizations

Officials (persons)‎

• Spokesman
• deputy
• diplomat
• vice president
• commissioner
• ambassador
• secretary-general

Documents

• Charter
• resolution
• report
• declaration
• constitution

Establishment (places)

• Assembly general
• headquarters
• congress
• court
• council

Functions: Expressing Good News And Bad News ‎

Telling Bad and Good News

Telling Bad News

• I feel sad to tell you that…………
• I am sorry to tell you such bad news, but…………….
• I know it’s bad news, but…………….
• pull yourself together, ……………..
• I’ve got a bit of bad news to tell you……
• I have some bad news for you, ………

Telling Good News

• You won’t believe such good news, ……………….
• I have some joyful news for you, ………………
• I have some wonderful news to tell you, …………
• I’ve got a bit of good news to tell you……

Responding to Good News

• Sounds great
• My goodness
• That sounds like great news!
• Superb
• Congratulations
• Great news
• I’m glad to hear that!
• You cannot imagine how glad I am to hear such great news
• Are you kidding
• I can’t believe it
• What fantastic news!
• Really?
• Incredible

Responding to Bad News

• Sorry to hear that
• Oh, my Lord
• I’m sorry to hear such bad news.
• You cannot imagine how sad I am to hear such bad news
• Are you kidding
• I can’t believe it
• That must be terrible
• Really

Grammar: Phrasal Verbs

Phrasal verbs consist of a verb and a particle (preposition, adverb). The particle can change the meaning of the verb completely. For example::

• look up – consult a reference book (look a word up in a dictionary)
• look for – seek (look for her ring)
• look forward – anticipate with pleasure (look forward to meeting someone)

To fully understand this lesson, have a look at here: PHRASAL VERBS

Writing: Expressing Comparison and Contrast

Comparison: Expressing Similarities

Comparing something to something else, or someone to someone else can be done with different linking words. Here are some examples:

• Both Mohamed and Mariam love cats (It means that Mohamed loves cats and Mariam loves cats too.
• He is a doctor like his father. (It means that both the son and the father are doctors)
• He is our teacher and likewise our friend.
• Her way of thinking is similar to her sister’s.
• Her way of thinking is the same as her sister’s.
• He’s a comedian who also does magic.
• Nobody loves you as your parents do.

Expressing Contrast

I like to eat fish but not to catch them.
It was raining; but/ yet/ and yet, Ann went out without an umbrella. 
Although /Though/ Even though it was raining, Ann went out without an umbrella.
Despite / In spite of the rain, Ann went out without an umbrella.
It was raining; however, / nevertheless,/ nonetheless, Ann went out without an umbrella.

More expressions and examples are here: LINKING WORDS