Gateway 2 Unit 1: Education

Gateway 2 Unit 1: Education

Gateway 2 Unit 1: Education

The vocabulary of the Unit

Types Of Education:

There are many types of education, but the most frequent ones are: Formal, Non-formal, and informal education

• Formal education: refers to the types of learning that are taking place in an educational institution, where there is a syllabus, a teacher and is usually recognized in a qualification or a certificate.
• Non-formal education: refers to learning through a program (like formal education) but it is not usually evaluated, and it does not lead to certification.
• Informal education: refers to any learning resulting from activities related to our daily life.
• Vocational education: Prepares learners for careers or professions related to a specific trade, occupation, or vocation.
• Special education: Describes an educational alternative that focuses on the teaching of students with special (behavioral, health academic or physical) needs that cannot be met using traditional programs or techniques.
• Inclusive education: It is the one that addresses the learning needs of children, youth, and adults especially those who are vulnerable to marginalization and exclusion.
• Gifted education: is a broad term for special practices, procedures, and theories used in the education of children who have been identified as gifted or talented.
• Basic education: The whole range of educational activities taking place in various settings (formal, nonformal, and informal) that aim at meeting basic learning needs such as reading, writing, and arithmetic.

Examples of Education:

• Formal education: Secondary school, vocational training workshop-university studies.
• Non-formal education: Evening classes, literacy classes.
• Informal education: Theater, television, daily life in general.

Collocations

A collocation is a pair of words that generally goes or occurs together. Here are some related to education.

Examples:

• Higher education
• University graduate
• Free classes
• Learning needs
• Mixed classes
• Cultural background
• Adult illiteracy
• Education system/goals/background
• School subject/year/uniform
• Private lessons/institution/school
• Equal opportunities/rights/status

Functions/Communication: Making Request

A request is asking someone to do a favor or for something. It’s important to be polite when doing so. Making and responding to a request can be done in different ways. The following lines will show you how.

Making Request

• Could you, please…….?
• Can you………….?
• Will you……….?
• Do …….(something)…… for me, please.
• Is there any chance you could…?
• Do …….(something)…… for me, will you?
• Do you think you could………?
• Could you possibly…….?
• I wonder if you could possibly………?
• Do you mind (verb+ing)………? (it is like saying: Is there a problem if….?)
• Would you mind (verb+ing)………? (it is like saying: Is there a problem if….?)

Responding to Request

• Yes, sure.
• Sure.
• Yes, of course.
• Certainly yes.
• With pleasure.
• Sure, don’t worry.
• Sure, no problem.

Accepting Request

• Yes, sure.
• Sure.
• Yes, of course.
• Certainly yes.
• With pleasure.
• Sure, don’t worry.
• Sure, no problem.

Refusing Request

• Oh sorry, I can’t.
• I just can’t, I am sorry.
• I am afraid, but I can’t.
• Certainly not.

Examples:

Speaker 1:Could you please help me with this exercise?
Speaker 2: Yes, of course.

Speaker 1: Do you mind going with me to the market?
Speaker 2: No, I don’t mind (accepting request)

Speaker 1: Would you mind giving your brother a lift downtown?
Speaker 2:Yes. (refusing request).

Speaker 1: I wonder if you could possibly repair this engine?
Speaker 2: Sure, don’t worry

Grammar: Gerund and Infinitive

Click here to see this lesson: GERUND AND INFINITIVE

Writing: Linking Words

• Adding information or emphasizing a statement: and, also as well as, moreover, furthermore, in addition, additionally, next, secondly, thirdly……
• Making comparison: similarly, likewise, in the same way, equally…….
• Expressing concession and contrast: although, however, yet, but, despite, whereas, in contrast, while, Conversely….
• Providing reasons: for this reason, To this end, for this purpose, because, since, so that….
• Explaining results: as, as a sequence, as a result, hence, therefore, thus, so…
• Providing examples: for example, for instance, In other words, such as….
• Drawing conclusions: as has been noted, finally, in brief, in short, to summarise, consequently, therefore, In Conclusion, In other words, accordingly ……

• Click here to practise some EXERCISES ON LINKING WORDS