Comparative and Superlative
1 – Comparative
We use comparative to compare something or someone to something or someone else. Look at this example

x is 1.50 cm
y is 1.70cm
- Y is taller than X.
- x is shorter than Y
2 – Superlative
We use superlative to compare three or more people or things. Look at this example

x is 1.50 cm
y is 1.70cm
z is 1.80
- Z is the tallest man
3 – Forming comparative and superlative
to form comparative or superlative we need to know if/whether the adjective is short or long.
- A short adjective contains ONE syllable.
- A long adjective contains MORE THAN ONE syllable.

A very simple way to know a syllable is by paying attention to the vowels you hear when you say a word. For example, the adjective large has two vowels large, but when you say it you hear only ONE VOWEL.
The rule
Comparative
Short adjective: adjective + er than
Long adjective: more + adjective + than
Superlative
Short adjective: the + adjective + est
Long adjective: the most + adjective
Spelling Rules
- Adjectives ending in :
– e → -r / -st
large – larger – largest
-Y → ier / iest
heavy – heavier – heaviest
- One stressed vowel between two consonants → double the consonant
big – bigger – biggest
Irregular forms
Adjective
- good
- bad
- much
- many/a lot
- little
- far (distance and extent)
Comparative
- better
- worse
- more
- more
- less
- further / farther
Superlative
- best
- worst
- most
- most
- least
- furthest /farthest
4 – similarity
we use similarity to say that someone or something is just the same as or like another one or something else.

A is 1.73 cm
B is 1.73 cm
A is as tall as B
The rule :
As + adjective + as
Note: there is no difference between short or long adjectives when forming similarities.
- Karim is as hard-working as Sohaib.
- Salwa is as quiet as her sister.
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